Click in a cell, any cell. Type something in the cell. Click in any other cell. In the cell you chose in Step 3, type a formula to equal what’s in the cell from Step 1 and then click the green Enter button. Cell B2’s formula has a relative reference to cell A1, which is one column to the left and one row up.
When you've entered a cell reference, you can press F4 repeatedly to have Excel cycle through allfour reference types.
For example, if you enter = A1 to start a formula, pressing F4 converts the cellreference to = $A$1. Pressing F4 again converts it to = A$1.Pressing it again displays = $A1. Pressing it one more time returns to the original= A1. Keep pressing F4 until Excel displays the type of reference that you want.
When you name a cell or range, Excel (by default) uses an absolute reference for the name. For example,if you give the name SalesForecast to A1:A12, the Refers To box in theDefine Name dialog box lists the reference as $A$1:$A$12. This is almost alwayswhat you want. If you copy a cell that has a named reference in its formula, the copied formula containsa reference to the original name.
See also this tip in French:Raccourcis pour basculer entre les références relatives, absolues et mixtes.
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December 2022
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